flask入门之文件上传与邮件发送示例

技术  /  管理员 发布于 7年前   193

文件上传邮件发送

一、原生文件上传

form.html

  <img src="https:/article/{{ url_for('static',filename='img/17.jpg') }}" width="300" alt="">  <form action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">    <p>修改头像 <input type="file" name="file"></p>    <p><input type="submit" value="提交"></p>  </form>

manage.py

#文件上传的视图函数@app.route('/upload/',methods=['GET','POST'])def icon():  img_name = None  if request.method == 'POST' and 'file' in request.files:    # return '有文件上传了'    file = request.files.get('file')    filename = file.filename #拿到文件名称    #图片上传保存的路径    imgPath = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), 'static/upload/'+filename)    file.save(imgPath)    img_name = filename  return render_template('user/change_icon.html',img_name=img_name)

使用wtf和bootstrap渲染文件上传

from flask import Flask,render_template,requestfrom flask_script import Managerfrom flask_wtf import FlaskFormfrom flask_wtf.file import FileField,FileAllowed,FileRequiredfrom wtforms import SubmitFieldfrom flask_uploads import UploadSet,patch_request_class,configure_uploads,IMAGESfrom flask_bootstrap import Bootstrapimport osfrom PIL import Imageapp = Flask(__name__)app.config['MAX_CONTENT_LENGTH'] = 1024*1024*64app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = 'abcdef'app.config['UPLOADED_PHOTOS_DEST'] = os.path.join(os.getcwd(),'static/upload')bootstrap = Bootstrap(app)file = UploadSet('photos',IMAGES)configure_uploads(app,file)patch_request_class(app,size=None)manager = Manager(app)#自定义一个文件上传的表单类class File(FlaskForm):  photos = FileField('修改头像',validators=[FileRequired(message='文件不能为空'),FileAllowed(file,message='该文件类型不允许上传')])  submit = SubmitField('提交')@app.route('/')def index():  return render_template('index.html')#生成随机的图片名称def random_name(suffix,length=32):  import string,random  myStr = string.ascii_letters + '0123456789'  return ''.join(random.choice(myStr) for i in range(length))[email protected]('/upload/',methods=['GET','POST'])def icon():  form = File()  img_url = None  if form.validate_on_submit():    data = request.files.get('photos')    suffix = os.path.splitext(data.filename)[-1]    newName = random_name(suffix)    file.save(data,name=newName)    img_url = file.url(newName)    img = Image.open(os.path.join(app.config['UPLOADED_PHOTOS_DEST'],newName))    print(img.size) # 获取图片大小    # 设置尺寸    img.thumbnail((128, 128)) # 当前缩放不是等比缩放 变成等比缩放    img.save(os.path.join(app.config['UPLOADED_PHOTOS_DEST'],'s_'+newName))  return render_template('user/wtf-uplods.html',form=form,img_url=img_url)if __name__ == '__main__':  manager.run()

模板中的代码

from flask import Flask,render_template,requestfrom flask_script import Managerfrom flask_wtf import FlaskFormfrom flask_wtf.file import FileField,FileAllowed,FileRequiredfrom wtforms import SubmitFieldfrom flask_uploads import UploadSet,patch_request_class,configure_uploads,IMAGESfrom flask_bootstrap import Bootstrapimport osfrom PIL import Imageapp = Flask(__name__)app.config['MAX_CONTENT_LENGTH'] = 1024*1024*64app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = 'abcdef'app.config['UPLOADED_PHOTOS_DEST'] = os.path.join(os.getcwd(),'static/upload')bootstrap = Bootstrap(app)file = UploadSet('photos',IMAGES)configure_uploads(app,file)patch_request_class(app,size=None)manager = Manager(app)#自定义一个文件上传的表单类class File(FlaskForm):  photos = FileField('修改头像',validators=[FileRequired(message='文件不能为空'),FileAllowed(file,message='该文件类型不允许上传')])  submit = SubmitField('提交')@app.route('/')def index():  return render_template('index.html')#生成随机的图片名称def random_name(suffix,length=32):  import string,random  myStr = string.ascii_letters + '0123456789'  return ''.join(random.choice(myStr) for i in range(length))[email protected]('/upload/',methods=['GET','POST'])def icon():  form = File()  img_url = None  if form.validate_on_submit():    data = request.files.get('photos')    suffix = os.path.splitext(data.filename)[-1]    newName = random_name(suffix)    file.save(data,name=newName)    img_url = file.url(newName)    img = Image.open(os.path.join(app.config['UPLOADED_PHOTOS_DEST'],newName))    print(img.size) # 获取图片大小    # 设置尺寸    img.thumbnail((128, 128)) # 当前缩放不是等比缩放 变成等比缩放    img.save(os.path.join(app.config['UPLOADED_PHOTOS_DEST'],'s_'+newName))  return render_template('user/wtf-uplods.html',form=form,img_url=img_url)if __name__ == '__main__':  manager.run()

二、发送邮件 flask-mail

pip install flask-mail

设置临时环境变量

windows set 名=值

Ubuntu下 export 名=值

注意： 名和值都不用加引号

单线程发送邮件

from flask import Flask,render_templatefrom flask_script import Managerfrom flask_mail import Mail,Messageimport osapp = Flask(__name__)app.config['MAIL_SERVER'] = 'smtp.163.com'# 为了保密 将邮箱账号和授权码都加入到了临时环境变量中app.config['MAIL_USERNAME'] = os.environ.get('MAIL_USERNAME')app.config['MAIL_PASSWORD'] = os.environ.get('MAIL_PASSWORD')mail = Mail(app)manager = Manager(app)@app.route('/send_mail/')def send_mail():  msg = Message(subject='大郎',recipients=['[email protected]'],sender=app.config['MAIL_USERNAME'])  msg.html = render_template('email/activate.html',username='大郎')  mail.send(message=msg)  return '发送邮件'if __name__ == '__main__':  manager.run()

异步发送邮件

from flask import Flask,render_templatefrom flask_script import Managerfrom flask_mail import Mail,Messageimport osfrom threading import Threadapp = Flask(__name__)app.config['MAIL_SERVER'] = 'smtp.163.com'app.config['MAIL_USERNAME'] = os.environ.get('MAIL_USERNAME')app.config['MAIL_PASSWORD'] = os.environ.get('MAIL_PASSWORD')mail = Mail(app)manager = Manager(app)@app.route('/send_mail/')def send_mail():  msg = Message(subject='大郎',recipients=['[email protected]'],sender=app.config['MAIL_USERNAME'])  msg.html = render_template('email/activate.html',username='大郎')  thr = Thread(target=async_send_mail,args=(msg,)) #创建线程 参数1为创建子线程 参数2为传递参数 类型为元组  thr.start() #开启线程  return '发送邮件'def async_send_mail(msg):  #开启程序上下文 把当前请求 作为同一个请求  with app.app_context():    mail.send(message=msg)if __name__ == '__main__':  manager.run()

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