django基于restframework的CBV封装详解

框架(架构)  /  管理员 发布于 7年前   194

一.models数据库映射

from django.db import models# Create your models here.class Book(models.Model):  title=models.CharField(max_length=32)  price=models.IntegerField()  pub_date=models.DateField()  publish=models.ForeignKey(to="Publish")  authors=models.ManyToManyField(to="Author")  def __str__(self):    return self.titleclass Publish(models.Model):  name=models.CharField(max_length=32)  email=models.EmailField()  def __str__(self):    return self.nameclass Author(models.Model):  name=models.CharField(max_length=32)  age=models.IntegerField()  def __str__(self):    return self.name

二.serializers序列化

from rest_framework import serializersfrom app01 import modelsfrom rest_framework import exceptionsclass BookSerialize(serializers.ModelSerializer):  class Meta:    model = models.Book    fields = "__all__"  publish = serializers.SerializerMethodField()  authors = serializers.SerializerMethodField()  def get_publish(self, obj):    return {"publish_id": obj.publish.pk, "publish_name": obj.publish.name}  def get_authors(self, obj):    author_list = obj.authors.all()    lis = [{"name": author.name, "age": author.age} for author in author_list]    return lis  def validate_title(self, value):    if value.startswith("sb"):      raise exceptions.ValidationError('你使用了不合适的文字')    return value

三.url路由

from django.conf.urls import urlfrom django.contrib import adminfrom app01 import viewsurlpatterns = [  url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),  url(r'^books/$', views.Books.as_view()),]

四.Views视图类

主要就是将CBV的几个get,post请求方法进行封装,以后创建其他的新的CBV,直接继承调用就可以了,可以减少代码冗余

from app01 import modelsfrom rest_framework.response import Responsefrom rest_framework.views import APIViewfrom app01.serialize_module import BookSerialize# 自定义一个response类,方便CBV使用class MyResponse():  def __init__(self):    self.status = 100    self.msg = None  # 将类方法装饰成属性  @property  def get_dic(self):    return self.__dict__# 封装CBV类# 将get请求封装在List类中class List():  def get_list(self, request,*args,**kwargs):    response = MyResponse()    try:      handler_list = self.model.objects.all()      handler_ser = self.serializer(instance=handler_list, many=True)      response.handler = handler_ser.data      response.msg = "获取成功"    except Exception as e:      response.msg="获取失败"      response.error=str(e)    return Response(response.get_dic)# 将post请求封装在Create类中class Create():  def save(self, request,*args,**kwargs):    response = MyResponse()    try:      handler_ser = self.serializer(data=request.data)      if handler_ser.is_valid():        handler_ser.save()        response.msg = "添加成功"      else:        response.status = 101        response.msg = "添加失败"        response.error = handler_ser.errors    except Exception as e:      response.msg = "添加失败"      response.error=str(e)    return Response(response.get_dic)# book类继承List,Create,APIViewclass Books(List,Create,APIView):  model=models.Book  serializer=BookSerialize  # 此时调用get方法时,只要使用List类中的get_list方法就行了  def get(self,request):    return self.get_list(request)  # 此时调用post方法时,只要使用Create类中的save方法就行了  def post(self,request):    return self.save(request)

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