CentOS7编译安装新版LNMP环境

linux  /  管理员 发布于 7年前   171

由于公司要求需要最新版的ZABBIX2.4.4需要最新版的系统CENTOS7和新版的LNMP环境，所以本人摸索着使用新版的环境搭建了LNMP系统，环境版本如下：

• 系统：CentOS 7 x86_64
• NGINX：nginx-1.7.12
• 数据库：mariadb-10.0.13
• PHP：php-5.5.23

首先做一些准备工作，先把centos7的防火墙更换成iptables，可以参见如下链接

centos7防火墙设置iptables

修改成iptables之后就可以清空iptables里面的过滤规则了，然后再关闭selinux服务。记得不要忘了先安装gcc gcc-c++ wget net-tools等功能哦。

首先安装mariadb

应为数据库编译需要很长时间，所以我这里下载的是已经编译好了的二进制包，下载版本为 mariadb-10.0.13-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz 

1、下载二进制包到/usr/local/src 目录下：

复制代码 代码如下:[root@centos74 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@centos74 src]# wget http://ftp.osuosl.org/pub/mariadb/mariadb-10.0.13/bintar-quantal-amd64/mariadb-10.0.13-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz[/code]

2、将压缩包解压到/usr/local 目录下：

[code][root@centos74 src]# tar zvxf mariadb-10.0.13-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

3、创建mariadb 数据初始化目录/data/mysql:

复制代码 代码如下:[root@centos74 src]# mkdir -p /data/mysql

4、添加系统用户mysql,禁止登陆系统，同时，将mariadb 数据初始化目录所属主和组都修改为mysql:
复制代码 代码如下:[root@centos74 src]# useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin mysql ;chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql/

5、重命名解压出来的mariadb 目录：

复制代码 代码如下:[root@centos74 src]# mv /usr/local/mariadb-10.0.13-linux-x86_64/ /usr/local/mysql

6、进入重命名后的目录，初始化mariadb:

[root@centos74 src]# cd /usr/local/mysql/[root@centos74 mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/mysql --user=mysqlInstalling MariaDB/MySQL system tables in '/data/mysql' ...140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: Using mutexes to ref count buffer pool pages140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M........................................................................The latest information about MariaDB is available at http://mariadb.org/.You can find additional information about the MySQL part at:http://dev.mysql.comSupport MariaDB development by buying support/new features fromSkySQL Ab. You can contact us about this at [email protected] consider joining our community based development effort:http://mariadb.com/kb/en/contributing-to-the-mariadb-project/

报错：WARNING: The host 'test4' could not be looked up with resolveip.
解决办法：vim /etc/hosts 在最后一行添加192.168.1.242 test4

报错：./bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
解决办法：yum -y install libaio-devel libaio

7、复制配置文件到/etc目录覆盖之前的my.cnf:

复制代码 代码如下:[root@centos74 mysql]# cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp：是否覆盖"/etc/my.cnf"？ y

8、复制mysql 启动脚本文件到/etc/init.d 目录下并重命名为mysqld:
复制代码 代码如下:[root@centos74 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

同时修改启动脚本的权限为755：

复制代码 代码如下:[root@centos74 mysql]# chmod 755 !$
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld

9、编辑启动脚本，定义datadir 路径：

复制代码 代码如下:[root@centos74 mysql]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld

定义数据存放路径：
datadir=/data/mysql

10、将mariadb自带命令放入$PATH

[root@localhost ~]# PATH=$PATH:/etc/init.d/#当前有效，重启shell就失效[root@localhost ~]# echo "export PATH=$PATH:/etc/init.d/" >>/etc/profile[root@localhost ~]# echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/" >>/etc/profile[root@localhost ~]# source !$

11、启动mariadb:

[root@centos74 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start

Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

第二步，开始安装php

这里要先声明一下，针对Nginx的php安装和针对apache的php安装是有区别的，因为Nginx中的php是以fastcgi的方式结合nginx的，可以理解为nginx代理了php的fastcgi，而apache是把php作为自己的模块来调用的。同样的，php官方下载地址: http://www.php.net/downloads.php

下载php

[rot@localhost src]# cd /usr/local/src[root@localhost src]# wget http://am1.php.net/distributions/php-5.5.23.tar.gz

解压php

[root@localhost src]# tar zxf php-5.5.23.tar.gz

创建相关账户

[root@localhost src]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin php-fpm

配置编译参数

复制代码 代码如下:[root@localhost src]# cd php-5.5.23
[root@localhost src]# yum -y install gcc make gd-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libxml2-devel bzip2-devel libcurl-devel
[root@localhost php-5.5.23]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=php-fpm --with-fpm-group=php-fpm --with-mysql=mysqlnd  --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-ftp --enable-mbstring --enable-exif --disable-ipv6 --with-pear --with-curl --enable-bcmath --enable-mbstring --enable-sockets --with-gd --with-libxml-dir=/usr/local --with-gettext

错误：configure: error: xml2-config not found. Please check your libxml2 installation.
解决办法：yum -y install libxml2-devel

错误：configure: error: Please reinstall the libcurl distribution -easy.h should be in <curl-dir>/include/curl/
解决办法：yum -y install libcurl-devel

错误：configure: error: jpeglib.h not found.
解决办法：yum -y install libjpeg-turbo-devel


错误：configure: error: png.h not found.
解决办法：yum -y install libpng-devel

错误：configure: error: freetype-config not found.
解决办法：configure: error: mcrypt.h not found. Please reinstall libmcrypt.

错误：configure: error: mcrypt.h not found. Please reinstall libmcrypt.
解决办法：yum -y install libmcrypt-devel

安装php

[root@localhost php-5.3.27]# make && make install

以上每一个步骤，如果没有完全执行正确，那么下一步是无法进行的，使用 echo $? 看结果是否为 “0” , 如果不是，就是没有执行正确。

修改配置文件

cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.inivim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

把如下内容写入该文件:

[global]pid = /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.piderror_log = /usr/local/php/var/log/php-fpm.log[www]listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sockuser = php-fpmgroup = php-fpmlisten.owner = nobodylisten.group = nobodypm = dynamicpm.max_children = 50pm.start_servers = 20pm.min_spare_servers = 5pm.max_spare_servers = 35pm.max_requests = 500rlimit_files = 1024

保存配置文件后，检验配置是否正确的方法为:

/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -t


如果出现诸如 “test is successful” 字样，说明配置没有问题。

启动php-fpm

cp /usr/local/src/php-5.5.23/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpmchmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpmservice php-fpm start

如果想让它开机启动，执行:

chkconfig php-fpm on


检测是否启动:

ps aux |grep php-fpm


看看是不是有很多个进程（大概20多个）。

安装nginx

下载nginx

cd /usr/local/src/wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.7.12.tar.gz

解压nginx

tar zxvf nginx-1.7.12.tar.gz


配置编译参数

cd nginx-1.7.12./configure \--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \--with-http_realip_module \--with-http_sub_module \--with-http_gzip_static_module \--with-http_stub_status_module \--with-pcre

报错：./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
解决办法：yum -y install pcre-devel

报错：./configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library.
解决办法：yum install -y zlib-devel

编译nginx

make

安装nginx

make install

编写nginx启动脚本，并加入系统服务

vim /etc/init.d/nginx


写入如下内容:

#!/bin/bash# chkconfig: - 30 21# description: http service.# Source Function Library. /etc/init.d/functions# Nginx SettingsNGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"RETVAL=0prog="Nginx"start() {    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "    mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp    daemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF    RETVAL=$?    echo    return $RETVAL}stop() {    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "    killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERM    rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp    RETVAL=$?    echo    return $RETVAL}reload(){    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "    killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUP    RETVAL=$?    echo    return $RETVAL}restart(){    stop    start}configtest(){  $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF -t  return 0}case "$1" in start)    start    ;; stop)    stop    ;; reload)    reload    ;; restart)    restart    ;; configtest)    configtest    ;; *)    echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}"    RETVAL=1esacexit $RETVAL

保存后，更改权限:

chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginxchkconfig --add nginx

如果想开机启动，请执行:

chkconfig nginx on

更改nginx配置

首先把原来的配置文件清空:

> /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

“>” 这个符号为重定向的意思，单独用它，可以把一个文本文档快速清空。

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

写入如下内容:

user nobody nobody;worker_processes 2;error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;events{  use epoll;  worker_connections 6000;}http{  include mime.types;  default_type application/octet-stream;  server_names_hash_bucket_size 3526;  server_names_hash_max_size 4096;  log_format combined_realip '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]'  '$host "$request_uri" $status'  '"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';  sendfile on;  tcp_nopush on;  keepalive_timeout 30;  client_header_timeout 3m;  client_body_timeout 3m;  send_timeout 3m;  connection_pool_size 256;  client_header_buffer_size 1k;  large_client_header_buffers 8 4k;  request_pool_size 4k;  output_buffers 4 32k;  postpone_output 1460;  client_max_body_size 10m;  client_body_buffer_size 256k;  client_body_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp;  proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp;  fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp;  fastcgi_intercept_errors on;  tcp_nodelay on;  gzip on;  gzip_min_length 1k;  gzip_buffers 4 8k;  gzip_comp_level 5;  gzip_http_version 1.1;  gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm application/xml;server{  listen 80;  server_name localhost;  index index.html index.htm index.php;  root /usr/local/nginx/html;  location ~ \.php$ {    include fastcgi_params;    fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock;    fastcgi_index index.php;    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;  }}}

保存配置后，先检验一下配置文件是否有错误存在:

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

如果显示内容如下，则配置正确，否则需要根据错误提示修改配置文件:

nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

启动nginx:

service nginx start

如果不能启动，请查看 “/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log” 文件，检查nginx是否启动:

ps aux |grep nginx

看是否有进程。

测试是否解析php文件

创建测试文件:

vim /usr/local/nginx/html/2.php

内容如下:

<?php echo phpinfo();?>

测试:

[root@localhost nginx]# curl localhost/2.php

或者使用浏览器打开http://YourServerIPAddress/2.php

重要：如果解析不了，检查日志发现连接不到php，我的php版本为5.5.23，比较新的版本，需要在php/etc/php-fpm.conf文件中添加

listen.owner = nobodylisten.group = nobody

这两行，再重启一下服务就能使用php了

原因是/tmp/php-fcgi.sock这个文件没有读权限

至此，最新版的LNMP环境源码编译安装完成了