Python之自动获取公网IP的实例讲解

Python  /  管理员 发布于 7年前   222

0.预备知识

0.1 SQL基础

ubuntu、Debian系列安装：

root@raspberrypi:~/python-script# apt-get install mysql-server

Redhat、Centos 系列安装：

 [root@localhost ~]# yum install mysql-server

登录数据库

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ mysql -uroot -p -hlocalhostEnter password: Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MariaDB connection id is 36Server version: 10.0.30-MariaDB-0+deb8u2 (Raspbian)Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.MariaDB [(none)]>

其中，mysql是客户端命令 -u是指定用户 -p是密码 -h是主机

创建数据库、创建数据表

创建数据库语法如下

MariaDB [(none)]> help create databaseName: 'CREATE DATABASE'Description:Syntax:CREATE {DATABASE | SCHEMA} [IF NOT EXISTS] db_name [create_specification] ...create_specification: [DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET [=] charset_name | [DEFAULT] COLLATE [=] collation_nameCREATE DATABASE creates a database with the given name. To use thisstatement, you need the CREATE privilege for the database. CREATESCHEMA is a synonym for CREATE DATABASE.URL: https://mariadb.com/kb/en/create-database/MariaDB [(none)]>

创建数据表语法如下

MariaDB [(none)]> help create tableName: 'CREATE TABLE'Description:Syntax:CREATE [TEMPORARY] TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] tbl_name (create_definition,...) [table_options] [partition_options]Or:CREATE [TEMPORARY] TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] tbl_name [(create_definition,...)] [table_options] [partition_options] select_statement

创建数据库ServiceLogs

MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE `ServiceLogs`

创建数据表

MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE TABLE `python_ip_logs` ( `serial_number` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `time` datetime DEFAULT NULL, `old_data` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL, `new_data` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`serial_number`)) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1

表内容的查询

 MariaDB [ServiceLogs]> select * from python_ip_logs; Empty set (0.00 sec)

0.2 python连接操作MySQL

模块下载安装

下载路径: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/MySQL-python

安装:

安装:解压unzip MySQL-python-1.2.5.zip进入解压后目录cd MySQL-python-1.2.5/安装依赖apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev安装python setup.py install如果为0则安装OKecho $?

连接Mysql

root@raspberrypi:~/python-script# cat p_mysql_3.py #!/usr/bin/env pythonimport MySQLdbtry :  conn = MySQLdb.connect("主机","用户名","密码","ServiceLogs")  print ("Connect Mysql successful")except:  print ("Connect MySQL Fail")root@raspberrypi:~/python-script#

如果输出Connect Mysql successful则说明连接OK

Python MySQL insert语句

root@raspberrypi:~/python-script# cat p_mysql1.py #!/usr/bin/env pythonimport MySQLdbdb = MySQLdb.connect("localhost","root","root","ServiceLogs")cursor = db.cursor()sql = "insert INTO python_ip_logs VALUES (DEFAULT,'2017-09-29 22:46:00','123','456')"cursor.execute(sql)db.commit()db.close()root@raspberrypi:~/python-script#

执行完成后可以mysql客户端SELECT语句查看结果

1.需求

1.1 需求

由于宽带每次重启都会重新获得一个新的IP，那么在这种状态下，在进行ssh连接的时候会出现诸多的不便，好在之前还有花生壳软件，它能够通过域名来找到你的IP地址，进行访问，这样是最好的，不过最近花生壳也要进行实名认证才能够使用，于是乎，这就催发了我写一个python脚本来获取公网IP的冲动。

实现效果:当IP变更时，能够通过邮件进行通知，且在数据库中写入数据

1.2 大致思路

1.3 流程图

其他代码均没有什么好画的

2.代码编写

2.1.1 编写python代码

getnetworkip.py

root@raspberrypi:~/python-script# cat getnetworkip.py #!/usr/bin/env python# coding:UTF-8import requestsimport send_mailimport savedbdef get_out_ip() :  url = r'http://www.trackip.net/'  r = requests.get(url)  txt = r.text  ip = txt[txt.find('title')+6:txt.find('/title')-1]  return (ip)def main() :  try:    savedb.general_files()    tip = get_out_ip()    cip = savedb.read_files()    if savedb.write_files(cip,tip) :      send_mail.SamMail(get_out_ip())  except :    return Falseif __name__=="__main__" :  main()root@raspberrypi:~/python-script#

savedb.py

root@raspberrypi:~/python-script# cat savedb.py#!/usr/bin/env pythonimport MySQLdbimport osimport timedirname = "logs"filename = "logs/.ip_tmp"def general_files(Default_String="Null") :  var1 = Default_String  if not os.path.exists(dirname) :    os.makedirs(dirname)  if not os.path.exists(filename) :    f = open(filename,'w')    f.write(var1)    f.close()def read_files() :  f = open(filename,'r')  txt = f.readline()  return (txt)def write_files(txt,new_ip) :  if not txt == new_ip :    NowTime = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime())    old_ip = read_files()    os.remove(filename)    general_files(new_ip)    write_db(NowTime,old_ip,new_ip)    return True  else:    return Falsedef write_db(NowTime,Old_ip,New_ip) :  db = MySQLdb.connect("主机","用户名","密码","库名")  cursor = db.cursor()  sql = """    INSERT INTO python_ip_logs     VALUES    (DEFAULT,"%s","%s","%s")  """ %(NowTime,Old_ip,New_ip)  try:    cursor.execute(sql)    db.commit()  except:    db.rollback()  db.close()root@raspberrypi:~/python-script#

send_mail.py

root@raspberrypi:~/python-script# cat send_mail.py#!/usr/bin/env pythonimport smtplibimport email.mime.textdef SamMail(HtmlString) : HOST = "smtp.163.com" SUBJECT = "主题" TO = "对方的邮箱地址" FROM = "来自于哪里" Remask = "The IP address has been changed" msg = email.mime.text.MIMEText("""  <html>    <head>      <meta charset="utf-8" />    </head>    <body>      <em><h1>ip:%s</h1></em>    </body>  </html>  """ %(HtmlString),"html","utf-8") msg['Subject'] = SUBJECT msg['From'] = FROM msg['TO'] = TO try:  server = smtplib.SMTP()  server.connect(HOST,'25')  server.starttls()  server.login("用户名","密码")  server.sendmail(FROM,TO,msg.as_string())  server.quit() except:  print ("Send mail Error")root@raspberrypi:~/python-script#  print ("%s" %(line),end='')

3.效果

收到的邮件如下:

利用SELECT查看表,效果如下:

把脚本放入crontab中，让它执行定时任务即可

以上这篇Python之自动获取公网IP的实例讲解就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持。