python3实现全角和半角字符转换的方法示例

Python  /  管理员 发布于 7年前   193

前言

本文主要给大家介绍了关于python3中全角和半角字符转换的相关内容，分享出来供大家参考学习，下面话不多说了，来一起看看详细的介绍吧。

一、背景介绍

解决什么问题：快速方便的对文本进行全角半角自动转换

适用什么场景：学生答题数据中全角字符替换为半角字符

二、全角半角原理

全角即：Double Byte Character，简称DBC

半角即：Single Byte Character，简称SBC

在 windows 中，中文和全角字符都占两个字节，并且使用了 ascii　chart 2 (codes 128C255)；
全角字符的第一个字节总是被置为 163，而第二个字节则是相同半角字符码加上128（不包括空格，全角空格和半角空格也要考虑进去）；

对于中文来说，它的第一个字节被置为大于163，如'阿'为:176 162，检测到中文时不进行转换。

例如：半角 a 为 65，则全角 a 是 163（第一个字节）、193（第二个字节，128+65）。

全角半角示例：（文本 test.txt 包含全角和半角字符）

F:\test>type test.txt123456１２３４５６abcdefgａｂｃｄｅｆｇ中国你好

三、使用 Python3 实现全角半角转换

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-# [email protected]”'全角即：Double Byte Character，简称：DBC半角即：Single Byte Character，简称：SBC”'def DBC2SBC(ustring): ”' 全角转半角 ”' rstring = “” for uchar in ustring:  inside_code = ord(uchar)  if inside_code == 0x3000:  inside_code = 0x0020  else:  inside_code -= 0xfee0  if not (0x0021 <= inside_code and inside_code <= 0x7e):   rstring += uchar   continue  rstring += chr(inside_code) return rstringdef SBC2DBC(ustring): ”' 半角转全角 ”' rstring = “” for uchar in ustring:  inside_code = ord(uchar)  if inside_code == 0x0020:  inside_code = 0x3000  else:  if not (0x0021 <= inside_code and inside_code <= 0x7e):   rstring += uchar   continue  inside_code += 0xfee0  rstring += chr(inside_code) return rstrings = ”'array(‘０' => ‘0', ‘１' => ‘1', ‘２' => ‘2', ‘３' => ‘3', ‘４' => ‘4',  ‘５' => ‘5', ‘６' => ‘6', ‘７' => ‘7', ‘８' => ‘8', ‘９' => ‘9',  ‘Ａ' => ‘A', ‘Ｂ' => ‘B', ‘Ｃ' => ‘C', ‘Ｄ' => ‘D', ‘Ｅ' => ‘E',  ‘Ｆ' => ‘F', ‘Ｇ' => ‘G', ‘Ｈ' => ‘H', ‘Ｉ' => ‘I', ‘Ｊ' => ‘J',  ‘Ｋ' => ‘K', ‘Ｌ' => ‘L', ‘Ｍ' => ‘M', ‘Ｎ' => ‘N', ‘Ｏ' => ‘O',  ‘Ｐ' => ‘P', ‘Ｑ' => ‘Q', ‘Ｒ' => ‘R', ‘Ｓ' => ‘S', ‘Ｔ' => ‘T',  ‘Ｕ' => ‘U', ‘Ｖ' => ‘V', ‘Ｗ' => ‘W', ‘Ｘ' => ‘X', ‘Ｙ' => ‘Y',  ‘Ｚ' => ‘Z', ‘ａ' => ‘a', ‘ｂ' => ‘b', ‘ｃ' => ‘c', ‘ｄ' => ‘d',  ‘ｅ' => ‘e', ‘ｆ' => ‘f', ‘ｇ' => ‘g', ‘ｈ' => ‘h', ‘ｉ' => ‘i',  ‘ｊ' => ‘j', ‘ｋ' => ‘k', ‘ｌ' => ‘l', ‘ｍ' => ‘m', ‘ｎ' => ‘n',  ‘ｏ' => ‘o', ‘ｐ' => ‘p', ‘ｑ' => ‘q', ‘ｒ' => ‘r', ‘ｓ' => ‘s',  ‘ｔ' => ‘t', ‘ｕ' => ‘u', ‘ｖ' => ‘v', ‘ｗ' => ‘w', ‘ｘ' => ‘x',  ‘ｙ' => ‘y', ‘ｚ' => ‘z',  ‘（' => ‘(‘, ‘）' => ‘)', ‘〔' => ‘[‘, ‘〕' => ‘]', ‘【' => ‘[‘,  ‘】' => ‘]', ‘〖' => ‘[‘, ‘〗' => ‘]', ‘”‘ => ‘[‘, ‘”‘ => ‘]',  ‘\” => ‘[‘, ‘\” => ‘]', ‘｛' => ‘{‘, ‘｝' => ‘}', ‘《' => ‘<‘,  ‘》' => ‘>',  ‘％' => ‘%', ‘＋' => ‘+', ‘―' => ‘-‘, ‘－' => ‘-‘, ‘～' => ‘-‘,  ‘：' => ‘:', ‘。' => ‘.', ‘、' => ‘,', ‘，' => ‘.', ‘、' => ‘.',  ‘；' => ‘,', ‘？' => ‘?', ‘！' => ‘!', ‘…' => ‘-‘, ‘‖' => ‘|',  ‘”‘ => ‘”‘, ‘\” => ‘`', ‘\” => ‘`', ‘｜' => ‘|', ‘〃' => ‘”‘,  ‘　' => ‘ ‘);  ”'# 全角转半角print(DBC2SBC(s))# 半角转全角print(SBC2DBC(s))s = ”'中文测试”'# 全角转半角print(DBC2SBC(s))# 半角转全角print(SBC2DBC(s))

四、总结

以上就是这篇文章的全部内容了，希望本文的内容对大家的学习或者工作能带来一定的帮助，如果有疑问大家可以留言交流，谢谢大家的支持。

五、参考资料

http://thinkerou.com/2015-06/covert-dbc-sbc/