java中的浅拷贝与深拷贝

Java  /  管理员 发布于 8年前   184

1、什么叫Java浅拷贝？

浅拷贝是会将对象的每个属性进行依次复制，但是当对象的属性值是引用类型时，实质复制的是其引用，当引用指向的值改变时也会跟着变化。

2、什么叫Java深拷贝？

深拷贝复制变量值，对于引用数据，则递归至基本类型后，再复制。深拷贝后的对象与原来的对象是完全隔离的，互不影响，对一个对象的修改并不会影响另一个对象。

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3、Java浅拷贝和深拷贝的区别是什么？

通俗来讲浅拷贝的复制其引用，当引用指向的值改变时也会跟着变化；而深拷贝则是与原来的对象完全隔离，互补影响。

4、思维导图

5、测试用例分析

浅拷贝测试用例

public class ShallowExperience {    private String skill;    public void setSkill(String skill) {        this.skill = skill;    }    public void setShallowExperience(String skill) {        this.skill = skill;    }    @Override    public String toString() {        return skill;    }}public class ShallowCloneTest implements Cloneable {    private int age;    private ShallowExperience shallowExperience;    public ShallowCloneTest() {        this.age = 10;        this.shallowExperience = new ShallowExperience();    }    public ShallowExperience getExperience() {        return shallowExperience;    }    public void setShallowExperience(String skill) {        shallowExperience.setShallowExperience(skill);    }    public void show() {        System.out.println(shallowExperience.toString());    }    public int getAge() {        return age;    }    @Override    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {        return (ShallowCloneTest) super.clone();    }}public class TestMain {    public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {        System.out.println("======浅拷贝======");        shallowCloneTest();    }    /**     * 浅拷贝测试用例     *     * @throws CloneNotSupportedException     */    private static void shallowCloneTest() throws CloneNotSupportedException {        ShallowCloneTest test = new ShallowCloneTest();        test.setShallowExperience("我是小明，我精通Java，C++的复制粘贴");        test.show();        ShallowCloneTest cloneTest = (ShallowCloneTest) test.clone();        cloneTest.show();        cloneTest.setShallowExperience("我是小明的副本，我精通Java,C++");        cloneTest.show();        test.show();        System.out.println(cloneTest.getAge());    }}//运行结果======浅拷贝======我是小明，我精通Java，C++的复制粘贴我是小明，我精通Java，C++的复制粘贴我是小明的副本，我精通Java,C++我是小明的副本，我精通Java,C++10

深拷贝测试用例

public class DeepExperience implements Cloneable{    private String skill;    public void setSkill(String skill) {        this.skill = skill;    }    public void setDeepExperience(String skill) {        this.skill = skill;    }    @Override    public String toString() {        return skill;    }    @Override    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {        return super.clone();    }}public class DeepCloneTest implements Cloneable {    private int age;    private DeepExperience deepExperience;    public DeepCloneTest() {        this.age = 10;        this.deepExperience = new DeepExperience();    }    public DeepExperience getExperience() {        return deepExperience;    }    public void setDeepExperience(String skill) {        deepExperience.setDeepExperience(skill);    }    public void show() {        System.out.println(deepExperience.toString());    }    public int getAge() {        return age;    }    @Override    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {        DeepCloneTest deepCloneTest = (DeepCloneTest) super.clone();        deepCloneTest.deepExperience = (DeepExperience) deepCloneTest.getExperience().clone();        return deepCloneTest;    }}public class TestMain {    public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {        System.out.println("======深拷贝======");        deepCloneTest();    }    /**     * 深拷贝测试用例     *     * @throws CloneNotSupportedException     */    private static void deepCloneTest() throws CloneNotSupportedException {        DeepCloneTest test = new DeepCloneTest();        test.setDeepExperience("我是小明，我精通Java，C++的复制粘贴");        test.show();        DeepCloneTest cloneTest = (DeepCloneTest) test.clone();        cloneTest.show();        cloneTest.setDeepExperience("我是小明的副本，我精通Java,C++");        cloneTest.show();        test.show();        System.out.println(cloneTest.getAge());    }}//运行结果======深拷贝======我是小明，我精通Java，C++的复制粘贴我是小明，我精通Java，C++的复制粘贴我是小明的副本，我精通Java,C++我是小明，我精通Java，C++的复制粘贴10

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