PyQT实现多窗口切换

Python  /  管理员 发布于 5年前   610

最近做个软件，用PyQT写的，在实现菜单栏点击弹出新窗口的时候严重被卡壳，发现用WxPython的思想和方式来做完全无法实现。PyQT的中文资料实在是太少了。看了点英文资料和QT的资料，逆推PyQT的实现方法，总算搞定。下面是一个小demo。

主界面的代码如下所示：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-  from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui from dialog1 import Dialog1 from dialog2 import Dialog2 import sys  try:   _fromUtf8 = QtCore.QString.fromUtf8 except AttributeError:   def _fromUtf8(s):     return s  try:   _encoding = QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8   def _translate(context, text, disambig):     return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig, _encoding) except AttributeError:   def _translate(context, text, disambig):     return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig)    class MainWindow(QtGui.QWidget):       dialog1_signal = QtCore.pyqtSignal()     #定义一个无参数的信号，串口设定与子站初始化信号   dialog2_signal = QtCore.pyqtSignal()     #定义一个无参数的信号，串口设定与子站初始化信号   exit_signal = QtCore.pyqtSignal()     #定义一个无参数的信号，串口设定与子站初始化信号      def __init__(self):     super(MainWindow,self).__init__()        def setupUi(self, Form):     Form.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("Form"))     Form.resize(400, 300)     self.form = Form     self.pushButton = QtGui.QPushButton(Form)     self.pushButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(70, 90, 75, 23))     self.pushButton.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("pushButton"))     self.pushButton_2 = QtGui.QPushButton(Form)     self.pushButton_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(240, 90, 75, 23))     self.pushButton_2.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("pushButton_2"))     self.pushButton_3 = QtGui.QPushButton(Form)     self.pushButton_3.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(150, 160, 75, 23))     self.pushButton_3.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("pushButton_3"))     self.label = QtGui.QLabel(Form)     self.label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(170, 40, 54, 16))     self.label.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("label"))      self.retranslateUi(Form)     QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Form)      #信号连接到指定槽     self.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.on_pushButton_clicked)     self.pushButton_2.clicked.connect(self.on_pushButton_2_clicked)     self.pushButton_3.clicked.connect(self.on_pushButton_3_clicked) def retranslateUi(self, Form):     Form.setWindowTitle(_translate("Form", "Form", None))     self.pushButton.setText(_translate("Form", "进入dialog1", None))     self.pushButton_2.setText(_translate("Form", "进入dialog2", None))     self.pushButton_3.setText(_translate("Form", "退出", None))     self.label.setText(_translate("Form", "主窗体", None))        def on_pushButton_clicked(self):     self.form.hide()     Form1 = QtGui.QDialog()     ui = Dialog1()     ui.setupUi(Form1)     Form1.show()     Form1.exec_()     self.form.show()    def on_pushButton_3_clicked(self, Form):     #QtCore.QObject.connect( self.pushButton_3, QtCore.SIGNAL("clicked()"), self, QtCore.SLOT(quit()))     #也可以这样     self.form.close()        def on_pushButton_2_clicked(self):     self.form.close()     Form1 = QtGui.QDialog()     ui = Dialog2()     ui.setupUi(Form1)     Form1.show()     Form1.exec_()     self.form.show()  if __name__ == '__main__':   app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)   Form = QtGui.QWidget()   window = MainWindow()    window.setupUi(Form)   Form.show()     sys.exit(app.exec_())       pass 

Dialog1界面的代码如下：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-  from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui   try:   _fromUtf8 = QtCore.QString.fromUtf8 except AttributeError:   def _fromUtf8(s):     return s  try:   _encoding = QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8   def _translate(context, text, disambig):     return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig, _encoding) except AttributeError:   def _translate(context, text, disambig):     return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig)   class Dialog1(QtGui.QWidget):   def setupUi(self, Dialog):     Dialog.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("Dialog"))     Dialog.resize(400, 300)     self.form = Dialog     self.label = QtGui.QLabel(Dialog)     self.label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(180, 50, 54, 12))     self.label.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("label"))     self.dialog1_pushButton = QtGui.QPushButton(Dialog)     self.dialog1_pushButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(160, 130, 75, 23))     self.dialog1_pushButton.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("pushButton"))      self.retranslateUi(Dialog)     QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Dialog)      #信号连接到指定槽     self.dialog1_pushButton.clicked.connect(self.on_dialog1_pushButton_clicked)        def retranslateUi(self, Dialog):     Dialog.setWindowTitle(_translate("Dialog", "Dialog", None))     self.label.setText(_translate("Dialog", "dialog1", None))     self.dialog1_pushButton.setText(_translate("Dialog", "返回主窗体", None))    def on_dialog1_pushButton_clicked(self):     self.form.close()  if __name__ == "__main__":   import sys   app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)   Dialog = QtGui.QDialog()   ui = Dialog1()   ui.setupUi(Dialog)   Dialog.show()   sys.exit(app.exec_())    Dialog2界面的代码如下：[python] view plain copy# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-  from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui   try:   _fromUtf8 = QtCore.QString.fromUtf8 except AttributeError:   def _fromUtf8(s):     return s  try:   _encoding = QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8   def _translate(context, text, disambig):     return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig, _encoding) except AttributeError:   def _translate(context, text, disambig):     return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig)   class Dialog2(object):   def setupUi(self, Dialog):     Dialog.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("Dialog"))     Dialog.resize(400, 300)     self.form = Dialog     self.label = QtGui.QLabel(Dialog)     self.label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(180, 60, 54, 12))     self.label.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("label"))     self.pushButton = QtGui.QPushButton(Dialog)     self.pushButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(160, 140, 75, 23))     self.pushButton.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("pushButton"))      self.retranslateUi(Dialog)     QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Dialog)          #信号连接到指定槽     self.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.on_pushButton_clicked)        def retranslateUi(self, Dialog):     Dialog.setWindowTitle(_translate("Dialog", "Dialog", None))     self.label.setText(_translate("Dialog", "dialog2", None))     self.pushButton.setText(_translate("Dialog", "返回主窗体", None))        def on_pushButton_clicked(self):     self.form .close()  if __name__ == "__main__":   import sys   app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)   Dialog = QtGui.QDialog()   ui = Dialog2()   ui.setupUi(Dialog)   Dialog.show()   sys.exit(app.exec_()) 

按钮绑定到新弹出界面的处理函数，使用的槽连接方式为：

self.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.on_pushButton_clicked) 

如果是Menu项绑定到新弹出界面的处理函数，则应使用的槽连接方式为：

QtCore.QObject.connect(self.set_value_menu, QtCore.SIGNAL(_fromUtf8("triggered()")), self.open_set_value_form) 

二者使用的槽处理函数基本一致。
若不显示原界面，只需将原界面hide()即可，如：

self.form.hide() 

若需在弹出新窗口时同时原窗口保持可见，则不需这一步。且在这种情况下，若要原窗口可选为顶层窗体，则在显示新窗口时应使用show()：

Form1.show() 

若新窗口为固定的顶层窗体，原窗体被遮盖，则应使用exec_()：

Form1.exec_() 

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持。