SqlServer如何通过SQL语句获取处理器(CPU)、内存（Memory）、磁盘（Disk）以及操作系统相关信息

数据库  /  管理员 发布于 5年前   241

在SQL SERVER中如何通过SQL语句获取服务器硬件和系统信息呢？下面介绍一下如何通过SQL语句获取处理器(CPU)、内存（Memory）、磁盘（Disk）以及操作系统相关信息。如有不足和遗漏，敬请补充。谢谢！

一：查看数据库服务器CPU的信息

---SQL 1:获取数据库服务器的CPU型号

EXEC xp_instance_regread   'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE',  'HARDWARE\DESCRIPTION\System\CentralProcessor\0',  'ProcessorNameString';

---SQL 2:获取数据库服务器CPU核数等信息(只适用于SQL 2005以及以上版本数据库)

/*************************************************************************************--cpu_count        :指定系统中的逻辑 CPU 数--hyperthread_ratio    :指定一个物理处理器包公开的逻辑内核数与物理内核数的比.虚拟机-- 中可以表示每个虚拟插槽的核数。虚拟中[Physical CPU Count]其实-- 表示虚拟插槽数*************************************************************************************/SELECT s.cpu_countAS [Loggic CPU Count]   ,s.hyperthread_ratio        AS [Hyperthread Ratio]   ,s.cpu_count/s.hyperthread_ratio AS [Physical CPU Count] FROM sys.dm_os_sys_info s OPTION (RECOMPILE);

---SQL 3:获取数据库服务器CPU核数(适用于所有版本)

CREATE TABLE #TempTable  (   [Index] VARCHAR(2000) ,   [Name] VARCHAR(2000) ,   [Internal_Value] VARCHAR(2000) ,   [Character_Value] VARCHAR(2000)  );INSERT INTO #TempTable    EXEC xp_msver;SELECT Internal_Value AS VirtualCPUCountFROM  #TempTableWHERE  Name = 'ProcessorCount';DROP TABLE #TempTable;GO

---SQL 4：在老外博客中看到一个计算CPU相关信息的SQL，不过虚拟机计算有点小问题，我修改了一下。

DECLARE @xp_msver TABLE (  [idx] [int] NULL  ,[c_name] [varchar](100) NULL  ,[int_val] [float] NULL  ,[c_val] [varchar](128) NULL  )INSERT INTO @xp_msverEXEC ('[master]..[xp_msver]');;WITH [ProcessorInfo]AS (  SELECT ([cpu_count] / [hyperthread_ratio]) AS [number_of_physical_cpus]    ,CASE       WHEN hyperthread_ratio = cpu_count        THEN cpu_count      ELSE (([cpu_count] - [hyperthread_ratio]) / ([cpu_count] / [hyperthread_ratio]))      END AS [number_of_cores_per_cpu]    ,CASE       WHEN hyperthread_ratio = cpu_count        THEN cpu_count      ELSE ([cpu_count] / [hyperthread_ratio]) * (([cpu_count] - [hyperthread_ratio]) / ([cpu_count] / [hyperthread_ratio]))      END AS [total_number_of_cores]    ,[cpu_count] AS [number_of_virtual_cpus]    ,(      SELECT [c_val]      FROM @xp_msver      WHERE [c_name] = 'Platform'      ) AS [cpu_category]  FROM [sys].[dm_os_sys_info]  )SELECT [number_of_physical_cpus]  ,[number_of_cores_per_cpu]  ,[total_number_of_cores]  ,[number_of_virtual_cpus]  ,LTRIM(RIGHT([cpu_category], CHARINDEX('x', [cpu_category]) - 1)) AS [cpu_category]FROM [ProcessorInfo]---查看虚拟机CPU信息DECLARE @xp_msver TABLE (  [idx] [int] NULL  ,[c_name] [varchar](100) NULL  ,[int_val] [float] NULL  ,[c_val] [varchar](128) NULL  )INSERT INTO @xp_msverEXEC ('[master]..[xp_msver]');;WITH [ProcessorInfo]AS (  SELECT ([cpu_count] / [hyperthread_ratio]) AS [number_of_physical_cpus]    ,[hyperthread_ratio] AS [number_of_cores_per_cpu]    ,[cpu_count] AS [total_number_of_cores]    ,[cpu_count] AS [number_of_virtual_cpus]    ,(      SELECT [c_val]      FROM @xp_msver      WHERE [c_name] = 'Platform'      ) AS [cpu_category]  FROM [sys].[dm_os_sys_info]  )SELECT [number_of_physical_cpus]  ,[number_of_cores_per_cpu]  ,[total_number_of_cores]  ,[number_of_virtual_cpus]  ,LTRIM(RIGHT([cpu_category], CHARINDEX('x', [cpu_category]) - 1)) AS [cpu_category]FROM [ProcessorInfo]

二：查看数据库服务器内存的信息

能否通过SQL语句获取服务器的物理内存大小？内存条型号？虚拟内存大小？内存使用情况？ 目前我所知道的只能通过SQL语句获取服务器物理内存大小，内存的使用情况。 至于内存条型号，系统虚拟内存大小，暂时好像还无法通过SQL语句获取。

查看服务器的物理内存情况

    如下所示，从sys.dm_os_sys_info里面获取的physical_memory_in_bytes 或physical_memory_kb 的值总是低于实际物理内存。暂时不清楚具体原因（还未查到相关资料），所以计算大小有出入，要获取实际的物理内存，就必须借助CEILING函数。

 

--SQL 1：获取数据库服务器物理内存数(适用于所有版本)

 CREATE TABLE #TempTable  (   [Index] VARCHAR(2000) ,   [Name] VARCHAR(2000) ,   [Internal_Value] VARCHAR(2000) ,   [Character_Value] VARCHAR(2000)  );INSERT INTO #TempTable    EXEC xp_msver;SELECT Internal_Value/1024 AS PhysicalMemoryFROM  #TempTableWHERE  Name = 'PhysicalMemory';DROP TABLE #TempTable;GO

---SQL 2：适用于SQL Server 2005、SQL Server 2008

 SELECT CEILING(physical_memory_in_bytes*1.0/1024/1024/1024)  AS [Physical Memory Size]FROM sys.dm_os_sys_info OPTION (RECOMPILE) SELECT physical_memory_in_bytes*1.0/1024/1024/1024  ,  physical_memory_in_bytes AS [Physical Memory Size]FROM sys.dm_os_sys_info OPTION (RECOMPILE)

---SQL 3：适用于SQL Server 2012 到 SQL Server 2014

 SELECT CEILING(physical_memory_kb*1.0/1024/1024) AS [Physical Memory Size]FROM sys.dm_os_sys_info OPTION (RECOMPILE);

---SQL 4：适用于SQL Server 2008以及以上的版本:查看物理内存大小，已经使用的物理内存以及还剩下的物理内存。

SELECT CEILING(total_physical_memory_kb * 1.0 / 1024 / 1024)  AS [Physical Memory Size]     ,CAST(available_physical_memory_kb * 1.0 / 1024 / 1024AS DECIMAL(8, 4)) AS [Unused Physical Memory]    ,CAST(( total_physical_memory_kb - available_physical_memory_kb ) * 1.0    / 1024 / 1024 AS DECIMAL(8, 4))  AS [Used Physical Memory]    ,CAST(system_cache_kb*1.0 / 1024/1024 AS DECIMAL(8, 4)) AS [System Cache Size]FROM  sys.dm_os_sys_memory

三：查看数据库服务器硬盘的信息

如下所示，我们可以通过下面脚本获取服务器的各个磁盘的使用情况。但是无法获取磁盘的型号、转速之类的信息。

SET NOCOUNT ON DECLARE @Result   INT;DECLARE @objectInfo   INT;DECLARE @DriveInfo   CHAR(1);DECLARE @TotalSize   VARCHAR(20);DECLARE @OutDrive   INT;DECLARE @UnitMB   BIGINT;DECLARE @FreeRat   FLOAT;SET @UnitMB = 1048576;--创建临时表保存服务器磁盘容量信息CREATE TABLE #DiskCapacity([DiskCD]   CHAR(1) ,FreeSize   INT   ,TotalSize   INT  );INSERT #DiskCapacity([DiskCD], FreeSize ) EXEC master.dbo.xp_fixeddrives;EXEC sp_configure 'show advanced options', 1RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE;EXEC sp_configure 'Ole Automation Procedures', 1;RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE;EXEC @Result = master.sys.sp_OACreate 'Scripting.FileSystemObject',@objectInfo OUT;DECLARE CR_DiskInfo CURSOR LOCAL FAST_FORWARDFOR SELECT DiskCD FROM #DiskCapacityORDER by DiskCDOPEN CR_DiskInfo;FETCH NEXT FROM CR_DiskInfo INTO @DriveInfoWHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0BEGINEXEC @Result = sp_OAMethod @objectInfo,'GetDrive', @OutDrive OUT, @DriveInfoEXEC @Result = sp_OAGetProperty @OutDrive,'TotalSize', @TotalSize OUTUPDATE #DiskCapacitySET TotalSize=@TotalSize/@UnitMBWHERE DiskCD=@DriveInfoFETCH NEXT FROM CR_DiskInfo INTO @DriveInfoENDCLOSE CR_DiskInfoDEALLOCATE CR_DiskInfo;EXEC @Result=sp_OADestroy @objectInfoEXEC sp_configure 'show advanced options', 1RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE;EXEC sp_configure 'Ole Automation Procedures', 0;RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE;EXEC sp_configure 'show advanced options', 0RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE;SELECT DiskCD   AS [Drive CD]   ,   STR(TotalSize*1.0/1024,6,2)   AS [Total Size(GB)] ,  STR((TotalSize - FreeSize)*1.0/1024,6,2)   AS [Used Space(GB)] ,  STR(FreeSize*1.0/1024,6,2)   AS [Free Space(GB)] ,  STR(( TotalSize - FreeSize)*1.0/(TotalSize)* 100.0,6,2) AS [Used Rate(%)]  ,  STR(( FreeSize * 1.0/ ( TotalSize ) ) * 100.0,6,2)    AS [Free Rate(%)]FROM #DiskCapacity;DROP TABLE #DiskCapacity;

四：查看操作系统信息

  通过下面SQL语句，我们可以查看操作系统版本、补丁、语言等信息

--创建临时表保存语言版本信息CREATE TABLE #Language([LanguageDtl]      NVARCHAR(64) ,[os_language_version]  INT);INSERT INTO #LanguageSELECT 'English - United States'       ,1033 UNION ALLSELECT 'English - United Kingdom'       ,2057 UNION ALLSELECT 'Chinese - People''s Republic of China',2052 UNION ALLSELECT 'Chinese - Singapore'         ,4100 UNION ALLSELECT 'Chinese - Taiwan'           ,1028 UNION ALLSELECT 'Chinese - Hong Kong SAR'       ,3076 UNION ALLSELECT 'Chinese - Macao SAR'         ,5124;WITH SystemVersion(SystemInfo,ReleaseNo)AS(SELECT 'Windows 10' ,    '10.0*'UNION ALLSELECT 'Windows Server 2016 Technical Preview' ,    '10.0*'UNION ALLSELECT 'Windows 8.1' ,    '6.3*'UNION ALLSELECT 'Windows Server 2012 R2' ,    '6.3'UNION ALLSELECT 'Windows 8' ,    '6.2'UNION ALLSELECT 'Windows Server 2012' ,    '6.2'UNION ALLSELECT 'Windows 7' ,    '6.1'UNION ALLSELECT 'Windows Server 2008 R2' ,    '6.1'UNION ALLSELECT 'Windows Server 2008' ,    '6.0'UNION ALLSELECT 'Windows Vista' ,    '6.0'UNION ALLSELECT 'Windows Server 2003 R2' ,    '5.2'UNION ALLSELECT 'Windows Server 2003' ,    '5.2'UNION ALLSELECT 'Windows XP 64-Bit Edition' ,    '5.2'UNION ALLSELECT 'Windows XP' ,    '5.1'UNION ALLSELECT 'Windows 2000' ,    '5.0')    SELECT s.SystemInfo    ,w.windows_service_pack_level   ,l.LanguageDtlFROM sys.dm_os_windows_info wINNER JOIN SystemVersion s ON w.windows_release=s.ReleaseNoINNER JOIN #Language l ON l.os_language_version = w.os_language_version;DROP TABLE #Language;

注意：

  1：如上所示，临时表#Language的数据此处只列了几条常用的数据，如需全部数据，参考https://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-CN/goglobal/bb964664.aspx自行补充。

  2：操作系统的版本信息的数据来源于https://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-CN/library/ms724832(VS.85).aspx

有可能出现不同操作系统具有相同Version number值，例如Windows 7 和Windows Server 2008 R2的Version numberd都为6.1。导致下面查询结果出现多条记录（如下所示）。一般要酌情判断（如果生产服务器都为Windows服务器，可以剔除Windows XP、Windows 7这类数据）。

ps:使用SQL语句获得服务器名称和IP地址

使用SQL语句获得服务器名称和IP地址   获取服务器名称： 

SELECT SERVERPROPERTY('MachineName')select @@SERVERNAMEselect HOST_NAME()

获取IP地址可以使用xp_cmdshell执行ipconfig命令：

--开启xp_cmdshell exec sp_configure'show advanced options', 1 reconfigure with override exec sp_configure'xp_cmdshell', 1 reconfigure with override exec sp_configure'show advanced options', 0 reconfigure with override go begin declare @ipline varchar(200) declare @pos int declare @ip varchar(40) set nocount on set @ip = null   if object_id('tempdb..#temp') is not null drop table #temp   create table #temp(ipline varchar(200))   insert #temp exec master..xp_cmdshell'ipconfig'   select @ipline = ipline   from #temp   where upper(ipline) like '%IPv4 地址%'--这里需要注意一下，系统不同这里的匹配值就不同   if @ipline is not null   begin     set @pos = charindex(':',@ipline,1);     set @ip = rtrim(ltrim(substring(@ipline ,     @pos + 1 ,     len(@ipline) - @pos)))   end   select distinct(rtrim(ltrim(substring(@ipline ,   @pos + 1 ,   len(@ipline) - @pos)))) as ipaddress from #temp drop table #temp set nocount off end go 

但是很多情况下由于安全问题是不允许使用xp_cmdshell，可以通过查询SYS.DM_EXEC_CONNECTIONS ： 

SELECT SERVERNAME = CONVERT(NVARCHAR(128),SERVERPROPERTY('SERVERNAME')) ,LOCAL_NET_ADDRESS AS 'IPAddressOfSQLServer',CLIENT_NET_ADDRESS AS 'ClientIPAddress' FROM SYS.DM_EXEC_CONNECTIONS WHERE SESSION_ID = @@SPID