Django实现学员管理系统

框架(架构)  /  管理员 发布于 7年前   179

本文实例为大家分享了Django实现学员管理系统的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下

要求：实现数据的增删改查功能，并同步至数据库中。此项目实现了前端以及后端的结合。

（1） 先在settings里配置static（存放的是css样式、js代码、以及imgs），可以加在文件末尾

STATIC_URL = '/static/'STATICFILES_DIRS = [ os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')]

（2） 首先，新建一个django项目，在项目下的urls.py文件里，配置跳转路由，跳转到首页

urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url, includefrom django.contrib import admin urlpatterns = [ url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls), url(r'^student/', include('student.urls'))]

（3） 通过python manage.py startapp student命令创建一个student的app（不要忘记在settings中配置一下），并在models.py下执行mysql操作，在这里我们就直接在数据库里手动创建表，不再使用sql语句创建表了

models.py

import pymysql# Create your models here. # 管理数据库class DBManager(object):  @classmethod def open_sql(cls):  conn = pymysql.connect(   host='127.0.0.1',   port=3306,   db='students',   user='root',   password='123456',   use_unicode=True,   charset='utf8'  )  DBManager.conn = conn  DBManager.cursor = conn.cursor()  @classmethod def close_sql(cls):  DBManager.conn.commit()  DBManager.cursor.close()  DBManager.conn.close() # 数据模型类class StudnetModel(object):  def __init__(self, s_id, s_name, s_phone):  self.s_id = s_id  self.s_name = s_name  self.s_phone = s_phone  self.table = 'students'  def save(self):  """  保存数据模型到数据库  :return: False 表示数据已存在 True表示保存数据成功  """  DBManager.open_sql()  # 如果s_id已存在，说明学号已存在  sql = f'SELECT * FROM students WHERE s_id={self.s_id}'  if DBManager.cursor.execute(sql) > 0:   # 数据已存在，插入失败   return False  else:   # 插入数据   sql = 'INSERT INTO students(s_id,s_name,s_phone)VALUES(%s,%s,%s)'   DBManager.cursor.execute(sql,(self.s_id, self.s_name, self.s_phone))   DBManager.close_sql()   return True  @classmethod def delete(cls, s_id):  """  根据s_id删除数据  :param s_id: 要删除数据的id  :return: False表示该数据不存在 True删除成功  """  DBManager.open_sql()   # 删除的sql语句  sql = f'DELETE FROM students WHERE s_id={s_id}'  DBManager.cursor.execute(sql)   # rowcount 执行sql语句 影响的数据条数  if DBManager.cursor.rowcount > 0:   DBManager.close_sql()    return True  else:   return False  @classmethod def object_with_id(cls, s_id):   DBManager.open_sql()  sql = f'SELECT * FROM students WHERE s_id={s_id}'  DBManager.cursor.execute(sql)  # 取出拿到的数据  result = DBManager.cursor.fetchone()  DBManager.close_sql()  if result:   # 返回StudentModel对象   return cls(result[0], result[1], result[2], )  def modify(self):   DBManager.open_sql()   sql = f"UPDATE students SET s_name='{self.s_name}' , s_phone='{self.s_phone}' WHERE s_id={self.s_id}"   DBManager.cursor.execute(sql)  if DBManager.cursor.rowcount > 0:   DBManager.close_sql()   return True  else:   return False  @classmethod def objects(cls):  # 只要调用该函数，返回数据库中所有的数据  DBManager.open_sql()  sql = 'SELECT * FROM students'  DBManager.cursor.execute(sql)  # 取出查询的所有数据,results是一个大元组  results = DBManager.cursor.fetchall()  # 将results中每一个小元组转换为StudentModel对象  students = map(lambda t:cls(t[0], t[1], t[2]), results)  # 关闭数据库  DBManager.close_sql()   return students if __name__ == '__main__':  StudnetModel.objects()

（4） 接下来在自己新建的app下，再手动创建一个urls.py文件，用来配置具体路由，并在views.py文件里实现视图函数（存放具体的增删改查功能的函数）

student/urls.py

from django.conf.urls import urlfrom .views import * urlpatterns = [ url(r'^$', student_index, name='stu_index'), url(r'^modify/(?P<s_id>\d+)/$', student_modify, name='modify'), url(r'^addstu/$', student_add, name='addstu'), url(r'^delstu/(?P<s_id>\d+)/$', student_del, name='delstu'),]

student/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render, redirectfrom django.http import HttpResponse from .models import StudnetModel# Create your views here. def student_index(reqeust):  # 取出数据库中所有的数据 students = StudnetModel.objects()  return render(reqeust, 'index.html', {'students': students})  def student_add(request):  if request.method == 'POST':   # 取出数据  s_id = request.POST.get('id', None)  s_name = request.POST.get('name', None)  s_phone = request.POST.get('phone', None)   if s_id and s_name and s_phone:   try:    int(s_id)   except Exception as e:    return HttpResponse('id必须是纯数字！')   # 创建数据模型对象   stu = StudnetModel(s_id, s_name, s_phone)   # 保存数据   if stu.save():    # 重定向到首页    return redirect('/student')   else:    # 返回提示信息    return HttpResponse('该学号已存在！')  else:   return HttpResponse('添加信息不能为空！') else:  # 其他访问方式，重定向到主页  return redirect('/student')  def student_del(request, s_id):  if request.method == 'GET':  # MTV设计模式  # 根据id判断是否存在   if StudnetModel.delete(s_id):   # 删除成功   return redirect('/student')  else:   # 删除数据不存在   return HttpResponse('要删除的数据不存在！')  def student_modify(request, s_id):  if request.method == 'GET':   # 根据s_id 查询这个id对应的信息  stu = StudnetModel.object_with_id(s_id)  if stu:   return render(request, 'modify.html', {'stu': stu})  else:    return HttpResponse('要修改的学员id不存在！！') elif request.method == 'POST':   # 取出修改后的参数  s_name = request.POST.get('name')  s_phone = request.POST.get('phone')  stu = StudnetModel(s_id, s_name, s_phone)  if stu.modify():    return redirect('/student')  else:    return HttpResponse('修改失败，请稍后重试！')

（5） 最后就是在html代码中实现路由跳转，实现功能

首页html，index.html

{% load static %}<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="zh-CN"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta name="author" content="bais"> <title></title> <link href="https:/article/{% static 'css/bootstrap.min.css' %}" rel="stylesheet"> <style>  .navbar {   border-radius: 0px;   margin-bottom: 0;  }    .titleContent {   background-color: #eeeeee;  }    .mToolbar {   padding-top: 10px;   padding-bottom: 10px;  }    .container-fluid {   padding-left: 8vw;  }    @media (max-width:768px) {   .container-fluid {    padding-left: 15px;   }  }   .form-horizontal .control-label{   text-align: left;  } </style></head> <body>  <!--  导航 --> <nav class="navbar navbar-inverse" role="navigation">  <div class="container-fluid">   <div class="navbar-header">    <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#example-navbar-collapse">   <span class="sr-only">切换导航</span>   <span class="icon-bar"></span>   <span class="icon-bar"></span>   <span class="icon-bar"></span>  </button>    <a class="navbar-brand" href="" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >学员管理系统</a>   </div>   <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="example-navbar-collapse">    <ul class="nav navbar-nav">     <li class=""><a href="" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >首页</a></li>     <li class="active"><a href="" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >学员</a></li>     </ul>     <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">     <li>      <a href=""></span> XXX<b class="caret"></b></a>     </li>     <li>      <a href=""></span> 退出</a>     </li>    </ul>    </div>  </div> </nav> <!--  标题 --> <div class="container-fluid titleContent">  <h1>学员查询及管理</h1> </div> <!--  工具栏部分 按钮 --> <div class="container-fluid mToolbar">  <button type="button" class="btn btn-success" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#myModal">添加</button>  </div>  <!--  模态框：搜索按钮绑定的模态框 --> <div class="modal fade" id="myModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="myModalLabel" aria-hidden="true">  <div class="modal-dialog">   <div class="modal-content">    <div class="modal-header">     <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-hidden="true">×</button>     <h4 class="modal-title" id="myModalLabel">搜索条件</h4>    </div>    <div class="modal-body">     <!--      添加模态框中的表单     -->      <form class="form-horizontal" role="form" action="{% url 'addstu' %}" method="post">      <div class="form-group">       <label for="firstname" class="col-sm-2 control-label">姓名</label>       <div class="col-sm-4">        <input type="text" class="form-control" id="firstname" name="name" placeholder="学员姓名">       </div>      </div>      <div class="form-group">       <label for="lastname" class="col-sm-2 control-label">学号</label>       <div class="col-sm-4">        <input type="text" class="form-control" id="lastname" name="id" placeholder="学员学号">       </div>      </div>      {% csrf_token %}      <div class="form-group">       <label for="lastname" class="col-sm-2 control-label">电话</label>       <div class="col-sm-7">        <input type="text" class="form-control" id="lastname" name="phone" placeholder="电话号码">       </div>      </div>       <div class="modal-footer">     <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success">提交</button>    </div>           </form>       </div>    </div>   <!-- /.modal-content -->  </div>  <!-- /.modal --> </div>  <!--  表格 --> <div class="container-fluid">  <div class="table-responsive ">   <table class="table table-bordered table-condensed">    <thead>     <tr class="active">      <th>姓名</th>      <th>学号</th>      <th>电话</th>      <th>编辑</th>      <th>删除</th>      <tbody>       {% for stu in students %}       <tr>        <td>{{ stu.s_name }}</td>        <td>{{ stu.s_id }}</td>        <td>{{ stu.s_phone }}</td>         <td><a href="https:/article/{% url 'modify' stu.s_id %}" rel="external nofollow" ><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-edit"></span></a></td>         <td><a href="https:/article/{% url 'delstu' stu.s_id %}" rel="external nofollow" ><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-remove"></span></a></td>       </tr>       {% endfor %}      </tbody>     </tr>    </thead>   </table>  </div> </div>    <script src="https:/article/{% static 'js/jquery-3.1.1.js' %}"></script> <script src="https:/article/{% static 'js/bootstrap.min.js' %}"></script></body> </html>

增加 / 修改学员页面，modif.html

 <!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>修改学员信息-{{ stu.s_name }}</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https:/article/style.css" > <style> .smart-green { margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 500px; background: #F8F8F8; padding: 30px 30px 20px 30px; font: 12px Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: #666; border-radius: 5px; -webkit-border-radius: 5px; -moz-border-radius: 5px; }  .smart-green h1 { font: 24px "Trebuchet MS", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; padding: 20px 0px 20px 40px; display: block; margin: -30px -30px 10px -30px; color: #FFF; background: #9DC45F; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #949494; border-radius: 5px 5px 0px 0px; -webkit-border-radius: 5px 5px 0px 0px; -moz-border-radius: 5px 5px 0px 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid #89AF4C; }  .smart-green h1 > span { display: block; font-size: 11px; color: #FFF; }  .smart-green label { display: block; margin: 0px 0px 5px; }  .smart-green label > span { float: left; margin-top: 10px; color: #5E5E5E; }  .smart-green input[type="text"], .smart-green input[type="email"], .smart-green textarea, .smart-green select { color: #555; height: 30px; line-height: 15px; width: 100%; padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px; margin-top: 2px; border: 1px solid #E5E5E5; background: #FBFBFB; outline: 0; -webkit-box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 2px rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.2); box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 2px rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.2); font: normal 14px/14px Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; }  .smart-green textarea { height: 100px; padding-top: 10px; }   .smart-green .button { background-color: #9DC45F; border-radius: 5px; -webkit-border-radius: 5px; -moz-border-border-radius: 5px; border: none; padding: 10px 25px 10px 25px; color: #FFF; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #949494; }  .smart-green .button:hover { background-color: #80A24A; }  .error-msg{ color: red; margin-top: 10px; } .success-msg{ color: #80A24A; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; } </style></head><body><form action="{% url 'modify' stu.s_id %}" method="post" class="smart-green"> {% csrf_token %} <h1>修改学员信息-{{ stu.s_name }}  <span>请输入修改后的信息.</span> </h1> <label>  <span>姓名 :</span>  <input id="name" type="text" name="name" class="error" placeholder="请输入修改后姓名" value="{{ stu.s_name }}">  <div class="error-msg"></div> </label>  <label>  <span>电话 :</span>  <input id="email" type="text" value="{{ stu.s_phone }}" name="phone" placeholder="请输入修改后的电话"/>  <div class="error-msg"></div> </label> <label>  <span> </span>  <input type="submit" class="button" value="提交"/> </label> </form> </body></html>

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持。