linux下mysql如何自动备份shell脚本

linux  /  管理员 发布于 7年前   411

Linux 服务器上的程序每天都在更新 MySQL 数据库，于是就想起写一个 shell 脚本，结合 crontab，定时备份数据库。其实非常简单，主要就是使用 MySQL 自带的 mysqldump 命令。

 #!/bin/bash # Shell script to backup MySql database  # To backup Nysql databases file to /backup dir and later pick up by your  # script. You can skip few databases from backup too. # For more info please see (Installation info): # http://www.cyberciti.biz/nixcraft/vivek/blogger/2005/01/mysql-backup-script.html  # Last updated: Aug - 2005 # -------------------------------------------------------------------- # This is a free shell script under GNU GPL version 2.0 or above # Copyright (C) 2004, 2005 nixCraft project # Feedback/comment/suggestions : http://cyberciti.biz/fb/ # ------------------------------------------------------------------------- # This script is part of nixCraft shell script collection (NSSC) # Visit http://bash.cyberciti.biz/ for more information. # ------------------------------------------------------------------------- MyUSER="SET-MYSQL-USER-NAME"   # USERNAME MyPASS="SET-PASSWORD"    # PASSWORD  MyHOST="localhost"     # Hostname # Linux bin paths, change this if it can not be autodetected via which command MYSQL="$(which mysql)" MYSQLDUMP="$(which mysqldump)" CHOWN="$(which chown)" CHMOD="$(which chmod)" GZIP="$(which gzip)" # Backup Dest directory, change this if you have someother location DEST="/backup" # Main directory where backup will be stored MBD="$DEST/mysql" # Get hostname HOST="$(hostname)" # Get data in dd-mm-yyyy format NOW="$(date +"%d-%m-%Y")" # File to store current backup file FILE="" # Store list of databases  DBS="" # DO NOT BACKUP these databases IGGY="test" [ ! -d $MBD ] && mkdir -p $MBD || : # Only root can access it! $CHOWN 0.0 -R $DEST $CHMOD 0600 $DEST # Get all database list first DBS="$($MYSQL -u $MyUSER -h $MyHOST -p$MyPASS -Bse 'show databases')" for db in $DBS do   skipdb=-1   if [ "$IGGY" != "" ];   then   for i in $IGGY   do     [ "$db" == "$i" ] && skipdb=1 || :   done   fi   if [ "$skipdb" == "-1" ] ; then   FILE="$MBD/$db.$HOST.$NOW.gz"   # do all inone job in pipe,   # connect to mysql using mysqldump for select mysql database   # and pipe it out to gz file in backup dir :)     $MYSQLDUMP -u $MyUSER -h $MyHOST -p$MyPASS $db | $GZIP -9 > $FILE   fi done

保存后将以上脚本加入crontab调度。如：每天早上四点半备份：30 4 * * * /data/backup-db.sh

如果你使用mysql5.1，可能会提示mysqldump 错误:

mysqldump: Couldn't execute 'show create table `general_log`': Table 'mysql.general_log' doesn't existmysqldump: Couldn't execute 'show create table `slow_log`': Table 'mysql.slow_log' doesn't exist

原因是mysql库中没有show_log表和general_log表，需要手动创建：

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS general_log (  event_time timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,  user_host mediumtext NOT NULL,  thread_id int(11) NOT NULL,  server_id int(10) unsigned NOT NULL,  command_type varchar(64) NOT NULL,  argument mediumtext NOT NULL ) ENGINE=CSV DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='General log'; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS slow_log (  start_time timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,  user_host mediumtext NOT NULL,  query_time time NOT NULL,  lock_time time NOT NULL,  rows_sent int(11) NOT NULL,  rows_examined int(11) NOT NULL,  db varchar(512) NOT NULL,  last_insert_id int(11) NOT NULL,  insert_id int(11) NOT NULL,  server_id int(10) unsigned NOT NULL,  sql_text mediumtext NOT NULL ) ENGINE=CSV DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='Slow log';

方法二：

注意：

DumpFile=db$(date +%y%m%d)如果设置为这样一定要将此脚本放备份目录下才行。DumpFile="$BackupPath"db$(date +%y%m%d) 如果设置为这样，日志中会有这样的提示tar: Removing leading `/' from member names 是因为备份的目录使用的是绝对路径，不过这样不影响数据，可以根据自己习惯而定。-------------------------------------------------------------------start#!/bin/bash#This is a ShellScript For Auto DB Backup#Powered by aspbiz#2004-09#Setting#设置数据库名，数据库登录名，密码，备份路径，日志路径，数据文件位置，以及备份方式#默认情况下备份方式是tar，还可以是mysqldump,mysqldotcopy#默认情况下，用root(空)登录mysql数据库，备份至/root/dbxxxxx.tgzDBName=mysqlDBUser=rootDBPasswd=BackupPath=/root/LogFile=/root/db.logDBPath=/var/lib/mysql/#BackupMethod=mysqldump#BackupMethod=mysqlhotcopy#BackupMethod=tar#Setting EndNewFile="$BackupPath"db$(date +%y%m%d).tgzDumpFile="$BackupPath"db$(date +%y%m%d)OldFile="$BackupPath"db$(date +%y%m%d --date='5 days ago').tgzecho "-------------------------------------------" >> $LogFileecho $(date +"%y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") >> $LogFileecho "--------------------------" >> $LogFile#Delete Old Fileif [ -f $OldFile ]thenrm -f $OldFile >> $LogFile 2>&1echo "[$OldFile]Delete Old File Success!" >> $LogFileelseecho "[$OldFile]No Old Backup File!" >> $LogFilefiif [ -f $NewFile ]thenecho "[$NewFile]The Backup File is exists,Can't Backup!" >> $LogFileelsecase $BackupMethod inmysqldump)if [ -z $DBPasswd ]thenmysqldump -u $DBUser --opt $DBName > $DumpFileelsemysqldump -u $DBUser -p$DBPasswd --opt $DBName > $DumpFilefitar czvf $NewFile $DumpFile >> $LogFile 2>&1echo "[$NewFile]Backup Success!" >> $LogFilerm -rf $DumpFile;;mysqlhotcopy)rm -rf $DumpFilemkdir $DumpFileif [ -z $DBPasswd ]thenmysqlhotcopy -u $DBUser $DBName $DumpFile >> $LogFile 2>&1elsemysqlhotcopy -u $DBUser -p $DBPasswd $DBName $DumpFile >>$LogFile 2>&1fitar czvf $NewFile $DumpFile >> $LogFile 2>&1echo "[$NewFile]Backup Success!" >> $LogFilerm -rf $DumpFile;;*)/etc/init.d/mysqld stop >/dev/null 2>&1tar czvf $NewFile $DBPath$DBName >> $LogFile 2>&1/etc/init.d/mysqld start >/dev/null 2>&1echo "[$NewFile]Backup Success!" >> $LogFile;;esacfiecho "-------------------------------------------" >> $LogFile---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------end

以上内容就是本文给大家介绍的linux下mysql如何自动备份shell脚本，希望大家喜欢。