矩阵求逆(JAVA)初等行变换
Java  /  管理员 发布于 4年前   525
package gaodai.matrix; import gaodai.determinant.DeterminantCalculation; import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List; import java.util.Scanner; /** * 矩阵求逆(初等行变换) * @author 邱万迟 * */ public class InverseOfMatrix { private List<List<Double>> matrix; private int lineNum; private int columnNum; public InverseOfMatrix(List<List<Double>> data){ matrix = data; lineNum = data.size(); columnNum = data.get(0).size(); } public void caculate() throws Exception{ //1.非方正不能求逆 //2.方正的行列式值为零不能求逆 if( lineNum != columnNum){ throw new Exception("此矩阵不能求逆>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>"); } List<List<Double>> tempList = new ArrayList<List<Double>>(); for(List<Double> l : matrix){ List<Double> newList = new ArrayList<Double>(); newList.addAll(l); tempList.add(newList); } DeterminantCalculation d = new DeterminantCalculation(tempList); d.chang2UpperTriangle(); double result = d.getValue(); if(result == 0){ throw new Exception("此矩阵不能求逆>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>"); } //增加单位矩阵 for(int i = 0; i < lineNum; i++){ List<Double> list = matrix.get(i); for(int j = 0; j < columnNum; j++){ if(i == j){ list.add(1.0); }else{ list.add(0.0); }}} print(); chang2UpperTriangle(); //化为上三角changeReducedMatrix(); //化为约化矩阵 print(); } public void getValue(){ boolean flag = true; for(int i = 0; i < lineNum; i++){ if(matrix.get(i).get(i) == 0){ flag = false; } if(!flag){break;}} if(!flag){System.out.println("此矩阵不可逆>>>>>>>>>>>>>>"); }else{ for(int i = 0; i < lineNum; i++){List<Double> list = matrix.get(i); for(int j = 0; j < columnNum; j++){list.remove(0);} } System.out.println("逆矩阵为>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>"); print(); }} /** * 打印 */ public void print() { int i = 0, j = 0; for (List<Double> line : matrix) { for (double element : line) { System.out.print(element); System.out.print("(" + i + "," + j + ") "); System.out.print(" "); j++; } System.out.println(); i++;j = 0; } System.out.println();} /** * 校验是否是上三角,不是就的继续计算 * * @return */ public boolean isCaculate() { boolean hasCaculate = false; for (int i = 0; i < matrix.size(); i++) { for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) { if (matrix.get(i).get(j) != 0.0) { System.out.println("(" + (i + 1) + "," + (j + 1) + ")元素值不为零"); hasCaculate = true;break; } } if (hasCaculate) {break;} } return hasCaculate; } private int caculateTimes; /** * 化为上三角 * @throws Exception */ public void chang2UpperTriangle() throws Exception { if (!isCaculate()) {return; } int min = lineNum; caculateTimes++; System.out.println("--------------第" + caculateTimes + "次计算--------------"); for (int i = 0; i < min; i++) { for (int j = i + 1; j < min; j++) { double multiplyNum = -1 * matrix.get(j).get(i) / matrix.get(i).get(i); if (multiplyNum == 0) {continue;} this.lineMultiplyNumAdd2OtherLine(multiplyNum, (i + 1), (j + 1)); print();}} print(); chang2UpperTriangle();} /** * 变为约化矩阵 */ public void changeReducedMatrix() throws Exception{ for(int i = 0; i < lineNum; i++){ //行if(i == 0){//continue;} List<Double> temp = matrix.get(i); for(Double d : temp){ if(d == 0){ continue; } double multiplyNum = 1.0 / d; for(int a = 0; a < temp.size(); a++){ temp.set(a, temp.get(a) * multiplyNum); }break; } print(); for(int j = 0; j <= columnNum; j++){ //列 if(temp.get(j) != 0){ //这个数不为零 ,此数为第 i行第j列 for(int t = 0; t < lineNum; t++){ //行 if(t == i || matrix.get(t).get(j) == 0){ //本列的其他行 continue; } double multiplyNum = -1 * matrix.get(t).get(j) / temp.get(j);this.lineMultiplyNumAdd2OtherLine(multiplyNum, (i + 1), (t + 1)); print(); } break;}}}} /** * 第a行乘以number 加到第b行上 * @param number 乘以的数 * @param a行号 * @param b行号 * @throws Exception */ public void lineMultiplyNumAdd2OtherLine(double number, int a, int b) throws Exception { if (a < 1 || a > matrix.size() || b < 1 || b > matrix.size()) { throw new Exception("输入的行号不合法");} List<Double> aLine = matrix.get(a - 1);List<Double> bLine = matrix.get(b - 1); for (int i = 0; i < bLine.size(); i++) { double temp = bLine.get(i) + aLine.get(i) * number; bLine.set(i, temp);} System.out.println("第" + a + "行乘以" + number + "加到第" + b + "行:");} public static void main(String[] args) { Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("请输入矩阵的行数与列数,用逗号分隔:"); String sn = scanner.next(); String[] snArr = sn.split(","); int lineNum = Integer.valueOf(snArr[0]); int columnNum = Integer.valueOf(snArr[1]); List<List<Double>> matrix = new ArrayList<List<Double>>(); for(int i = 0; i < lineNum; i++){ System.out.println("请输入第" + (i + 1) + "行的数,用逗号分隔:"); String lineData = scanner.next(); String[] lineDataArr = lineData.split(","); List<Double> line = new ArrayList<Double>(); matrix.add(line);for(int j = 0; j < columnNum; j++){ line.add(Double.valueOf(lineDataArr[j]));}} InverseOfMatrix m = new InverseOfMatrix(matrix); m.print();try {m.caculate();m.getValue(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
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