Python二维码生成识别实例详解

Python  /  管理员 发布于 7年前   217

前言

在 JavaWeb 开发中，一般使用 Zxing 来生成和识别二维码，但是，Zxing 的识别有点差强人意，不少相对模糊的二维码识别率很低。不过就最新版本的测试来说，识别率有了现显著提高。

对比

在没接触 Python 之前，曾使用 Zbar 的客户端进行识别，测了大概几百张相对模糊的图片，Zbar的识别速度要快很多，识别率也比 Zxing 稍微准确那边一丢丢，但是，稍微模糊一点就无法识别。相比之下，微信和支付宝的识别效果就逆天了。

代码案例

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-import osimport qrcodeimport timefrom PIL import Imagefrom pyzbar import pyzbar"""# 升级 pip 并安装第三方库pip install -U pippip install Pillowpip install pyzbarpip install qrcode"""def make_qr_code_easy(content, save_path=None):  """  Generate QR Code by default  :param content: The content encoded in QR Codeparams  :param save_path: The path where the generated QR Code image will be saved in.           If the path is not given the image will be opened by default.  """  img = qrcode.make(data=content)  if save_path:    img.save(save_path)  else:    img.show()def make_qr_code(content, save_path=None):  """  Generate QR Code by given params  :param content: The content encoded in QR Code  :param save_path: The path where the generated QR Code image will be saved in.           If the path is not given the image will be opened by default.  """  qr_code_maker = qrcode.QRCode(version=2,     error_correction=qrcode.constants.ERROR_CORRECT_M,     box_size=8,     border=1,     )  qr_code_maker.add_data(data=content)  qr_code_maker.make(fit=True)  img = qr_code_maker.make_image(fill_color="black", back_color="white")  if save_path:    img.save(save_path)  else:    img.show()def make_qr_code_with_icon(content, icon_path, save_path=None):  """  Generate QR Code with an icon in the center  :param content: The content encoded in QR Code  :param icon_path: The path of icon image  :param save_path: The path where the generated QR Code image will be saved in.           If the path is not given the image will be opened by default.  :exception FileExistsError: If the given icon_path is not exist.    This error will be raised.  :return:  """  if not os.path.exists(icon_path):    raise FileExistsError(icon_path)  # First, generate an usual QR Code image  qr_code_maker = qrcode.QRCode(version=4,     error_correction=qrcode.constants.ERROR_CORRECT_H,     box_size=8,     border=1,     )  qr_code_maker.add_data(data=content)  qr_code_maker.make(fit=True)  qr_code_img = qr_code_maker.make_image(fill_color="black", back_color="white").convert('RGBA')  # Second, load icon image and resize it  icon_img = Image.open(icon_path)  code_width, code_height = qr_code_img.size  icon_img = icon_img.resize((code_width // 4, code_height // 4), Image.ANTIALIAS)  # Last, add the icon to original QR Code  qr_code_img.paste(icon_img, (code_width * 3 // 8, code_width * 3 // 8))  if save_path:    qr_code_img.save(save_path)  else:    qr_code_img.show()def decode_qr_code(code_img_path):  """  Decode the given QR Code image, and return the content  :param code_img_path: The path of QR Code image.  :exception FileExistsError: If the given code_img_path is not exist.    This error will be raised.  :return: The list of decoded objects  """  if not os.path.exists(code_img_path):    raise FileExistsError(code_img_path)  # Here, set only recognize QR Code and ignore other type of code  return pyzbar.decode(Image.open(code_img_path), symbols=[pyzbar.ZBarSymbol.QRCODE], scan_locations=True)if __name__ == "__main__":  # # 简易版  # make_qr_code_easy("make_qr_code_easy", "make_qr_code_easy.png")  # results = decode_qr_code("make_qr_code_easy.png")  # if len(results):  #   print(results[0].data.decode("utf-8"))  # else:  #   print("Can not recognize.")  #  # # 参数版  # make_qr_code("make_qr_code", "make_qr_code.png")  # results = decode_qr_code("make_qr_code.png")  # if len(results):  #   print(results[0].data.decode("utf-8"))  # else:  #   print("Can not recognize.")  #  # 带中间 logo 的  # make_qr_code_with_icon("https://blog.52itstyle.vip", "icon.jpg", "make_qr_code_with_icon.png")  # results = decode_qr_code("make_qr_code_with_icon.png")  # if len(results):  #   print(results[0].data.decode("utf-8"))  # else:  #   print("Can not recognize.")  # 识别答题卡二维码 16 识别失败  t1 = time.time()  count = 0  for i in range(1, 33):    results = decode_qr_code(os.getcwd()+"\\img\\"+str(i)+".png")    if len(results):      print(results[0].data.decode("utf-8"))    else:      print("Can not recognize.")      count += 1  t2 = time.time()  print("识别失败数量:" + str(count))  print("测试时间:" + str(int(round(t2 * 1000))-int(round(t1 * 1000))))

测试了32张精挑细选的模糊二维码：

识别失败数量:1测试时间:130

使用最新版的 Zxing 识别失败了三张。

源码

https://gitee.com/52itstyle/Python/tree/master/Day13

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