关于java中创建线程的方式的总结

Java  /  管理员 发布于 8年前   195

1、继承Thread类

public class ThreadCreator extends Thread{    public static void main(String[] args) {       //第一种方式：       ThreadCreator creator = new ThreadCreator();       Thread thread = new Thread(creator,"线程1");       thread.start();       //第二种方式：       Thread thread = new ThreadCreator();       thread.start();       //第三种方式：       new ThreadCreator().start();　　　}     @Override    public void run() {        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "run");    }}

2、实现Runnable接口

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public class ThreadCreator implements Runnable{    public static void main(String[] args) {       ThreadCreator creator = new ThreadCreator();       Thread thread = new Thread(creator,"线程1");       thread.start();    }    @Override    public void run() {        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "run");    }}

3、实现Callable接口

public class ThreadCreator implements Callable<Integer> {    public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {       ThreadCreator creator = new ThreadCreator();       FutureTask futureTask = new FutureTask(creator);       Thread thread = new Thread(futureTask,"线程");       thread.start();       System.out.println(futureTask.get());    }    @Override    public Integer call() {        return 1024;    }}

4、线程池ExecutorService

public class ThreadCreator{   static ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);    public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {        //execute无返回值        service.execute(new ThreadTask(1,"1"));        //submit有返回值        Future<Integer> result = service.submit(new ThreadTaskCall());        System.out.println(result.get());        service.shutdownNow();    }    static class ThreadTask implements Runnable{        private int param1;        private String param2;        public ThreadTask(int param3,String param4){this.param1 = param3;this.param2 = param4;        }        @Override        public void run() {System.out.println(param1+param2);        }    }    static class ThreadTaskCall implements Callable<Integer>{        @Override        public Integer call() throws Exception {return 1024;        }    }}

线程池中submit和execute的区别：

（1）可接受的任务类型不一样：execute只能接受Runnable任务，submit还可以接受Callable任务。

（2）返回值：execute无返回值，任务一旦提交，无法在当前线程中监控执行结果。submit有一个Future类型的返回值，用来接收返回值或响应异常。通过get()方法获取。

submit底层还是调用的execute，只是在此基础上用future封装了一层，并将执行过程中产生的异常全部封装在一个变量中：

public void run() {        if (state != NEW ||!UNSAFE.compareAndSwapObject(this, runnerOffset,     null, Thread.currentThread()))return;        try {Callable<V> c = callable;if (c != null && state == NEW) {    V result;    boolean ran;    try {        result = c.call();        ran = true;    } catch (Throwable ex) {        result = null;        ran = false;        setException(ex);    }    if (ran)        set(result);}        } finally {runner = null;int s = state;if (s >= INTERRUPTING)    handlePossibleCancellationInterrupt(s);        }    }protected void setException(Throwable t) {        if (UNSAFE.compareAndSwapInt(this, stateOffset, NEW, COMPLETING)) {outcome = t;UNSAFE.putOrderedInt(this, stateOffset, EXCEPTIONAL); // final statefinishCompletion();        }    }

另外，spring中的schedule注解借鉴使用了submit的处理方式。

5、匿名内部类

public class ThreadCreator {    public static void main(String[] args) {        //继承Thread类        new Thread() {@Overridepublic void run() {    System.out.println("extends Thread Class!");}        }.start();        //实现Runnable接口        new Thread(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {    System.out.println("implement Runnable!");}        }).start();        //实现Callable接口        new Thread(new FutureTask<Integer>(new Callable() {@Overridepublic Integer call() throws Exception {    return 1024;}        })).start();        //lambda表达式        new Thread(() -> System.out.println("execute single code")).start();        new Thread(() -> {System.out.println("execute multiple code");        }).start();    }}

lambda线程池：

public class ThreadCreator {    static ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);    static List list = new ArrayList();    public static void main(String[] args) {        service.execute(() -> execute()); //无返回值        Future future = service.submit(() -> execute()); //有返回值        list.add(future);    }    public static void execute() {        //do something    }}

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